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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link="#0563C1" vlink="#954F72"><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>12/26/2020<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>Hi: Prof. </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%;background:white'>Kok Khoo Phua<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%;background:white'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%;background:white'>Pleased to send you $B!F(Bcopies of my Messages sent to </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black;background:white'>IUPAC & CODATA</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%;background:white'>$B!G(B on the issue of </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black;background:white'>Carbon</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%;background:white'> atom-12 (</span><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%;background:white'>12</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%;background:white'>C) for your review and response$B!D(B<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%;background:white'>Primarily the Qs I raised are two:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%;background:white'>(1). Does </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black;background:white'>CODATA</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%;background:white'> or </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black;background:white'>IUPAC</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%;background:white'> or </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black;background:white'>IUPAP</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%;background:white'> (or any Org.) has $B!H(Bexperimental-data$B!I(B to confirm </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>the </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black'>Carbon</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'> atom $B!H(B</span><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black'>12</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black'>C total binding energy= 92161.753$B!^(B 0.014 keV</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>$B!I(B ?</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%;background:white'> </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNoSpacing><a name="_MailEndCompose"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>(2).</span></a><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%'> How do we $B!H(Bconfirm$B!I(B </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>if </span><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>12</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>C has </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black'>Z=6</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>, </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black'>N=6 </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>or <u>not</u> </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black'>N=12</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>: <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNoSpacing><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>If it is </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black'>N=12</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>, the mass of </span><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black'>12</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black'>C</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'> could be </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black'>18</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'> Da.—which can ONLY be determined in a Lab.-experiment, <u>not</u> by assuming Carbon </span><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black'>12</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black'>C</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'> comes with </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black'>Z=6, N=6</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>--do you agree?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNoSpacing><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNoSpacing><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>And, I assure you, I have a $B!F(Bgood$B!G(B reason to raise these Qs.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNoSpacing><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>Thanks,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNoSpacing><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>Maheswar<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNoSpacing><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>Newark, DE, US<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:#1F4E79;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%'> </span><b> <o:p></o:p></b></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b>From:</b> Maheswar Mikki [mailto:stmmrv@verizon.net] <br><b>Sent:</b> Saturday, December 26, 2020 8:49 AM<br><b>To:</b> asha@codata.org; codata-international@lists.codata.org<br><b>Subject:</b> $B!F(BUNESCO Open Science Recommendation$B!G(B<o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F497D'>12/26/2020<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F497D'>Please see a $B!F(Bcopy of my Message of 12/26/2020$B!G(B sent this morning to </span><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black'>IUPAC</span></b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F497D'>, which directly relates to the $B!F(BIssue I raised in my Message to you on 12/25/2020$B!G(B (below):<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>Thanks,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>Maheswar<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><img width=448 height=202 id="Picture_x0020_5" src="cid:image001.jpg@01D6DB63.7CAAEC70" alt="https://www.cognitoforms.com/file/qc18TxxpYycqjQM8K4tyuKlkl7Zph9ilE1lV_sVx2ZXCrwO63EITuWuEwC2CnbgR"></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.8pt;background:white;box-sizing: border-box'><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black'>Contact Information Form<o:p></o:p></span></h2><p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:15.6pt;background:white;box-sizing: border-box'><span style='font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black'>Thank you for contacting IUPAC. 2,618 12/26/2020 8:24 AM <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNoSpacing><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>Hi: I have a simple Q (I am a retired Engineer, not a Chemist).<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNoSpacing><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>Q: When we say the 'mass of carbon atom, 12C, is 12 Da.', is this an experimental-value? <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNoSpacing><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNoSpacing><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>What I meant to ask is this: Did a Chemist, actually, determine that the mass of 12C in an experiment in the Lab.?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNoSpacing><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>[Why am I asking this Q? Simply because 'I question if 12C contains only Z=6, N=6 or what if Z=6, N>6 or 12 ' ?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNoSpacing><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>That meant if 12C has Z=6, it may have N=12: if so, 12C mass could be 18 Da.--we can ONLY determine that in an experiment in a Lab., not otherwise--do you agree?]<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNoSpacing><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNoSpacing><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>I saw this article (see below)--that doesn't tell me much (other than giving Eqs.)--no experimental data for mass of 12C:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNoSpacing><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNoSpacing><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'>Pure and Applied Chemistry <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNoSpacing><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'>Volume 88: Issue 3<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNoSpacing><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'>Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNoSpacing><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'>Juris Meija et. al.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNoSpacing><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'>Published online: 24 Feb 2016<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNoSpacing><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'>DOI: <u><span style='color:#1F4E79'><a href="https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2015-0305">https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2015-0305</a></span></u><span style='color:#1F4E79'> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNoSpacing><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNoSpacing><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'>1.1 Atomic weight of an element<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNoSpacing><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'>The atomic mass, ma, of an unbound neutral atom of carbon-12, ma(12C), in its nuclear and electronic ground states is 12 Da exactly, where Da is the symbol for unified atomic mass unit, and alternative symbol is u. The atomic weight (also called the relative atomic mass) of isotope iE of element E, symbol Ar(iE), in material P is<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNoSpacing><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'>Ar(iE)P=ma(iE)Pma(12C)/12=ma(iE)PDa(1)(1)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNoSpacing><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNoSpacing><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'>Thus, the atomic mass of 12C is 12 Da, and the atomic weight of 12C is 12 exactly. All other atomic weight values are ratios to the 12C standard value and thus are dimensionless numbers. The atomic weight of element E, Ar(E), in a material P is determined from the relation<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNoSpacing><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'>Ar(E)P=$B-t(B[x(iE)P$B!_(BAr(iE)](2)(2)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNoSpacing><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'>where x(iE)P is the amount fraction of isotope iE in material P (also called the isotopic abundance). <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNoSpacing><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'>The summation is over all stable isotopes of the element plus selected radioactive isotopes (having relatively long half-lives and characteristic terrestrial isotopic compositions) of the element. The atomic weight, Ar(E), of element E in a material can be determined from knowledge of the atomic masses of the isotopes of that element and the corresponding amount fractions of the isotopes of that element in the material. In contrast to the atomic weight of an element in any given material, the standard atomic weight is a quantity that represents the atomic weights of an element in normal terrestrial materials and, therefore, must be given with larger uncertainty for some elements than the measured atomic weight in any given material. Isotopes contributing to the determination of the atomic weight of an element include (1) all stable isotopes (not known to be radioactive), of which there are 252, and (2) selected radioactive isotopes that have relatively long half-lives and characteristic terrestrial isotopic compositions, of which there are 37. A radioactive isotope of an element is said to have a characteristic terrestrial isotopic composition [13] if it contributes significantly and reproducibly to the determination of the standard atomic weight of the element in normal materials.<br>-----------------<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b>From:</b> Maheswar Mikki [<a href="mailto:stmmrv@verizon.net">mailto:stmmrv@verizon.net</a>] <br><b>Sent:</b> Friday, December 25, 2020 7:06 PM<br><b>To:</b> <a href="mailto:asha@codata.org">asha@codata.org</a>; <a href="mailto:codata-international@lists.codata.org">codata-international@lists.codata.org</a><br><b>Subject:</b> $B!F(BUNESCO Open Science Recommendation$B!G(B<o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>12/25/2020<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>Hi, Dear Ms. Asha:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>While searching CODATA to verify this particular value for Carbon atom $B!H(B</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black'>12C binding energy= 92161.753$B!^(B 0.014 keV</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>$B!I(B is correct, and/or validated by in an $B!F(Bexperiment$B!G(B, I read your $B!F(B</span><em><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>28 Oct 2020</span></em><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>$B!G(B posting (see below)--</span><strong><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>Open Science</span></strong><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>, and it interests me$B!D(B So, I am writing to you..<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>I wonder, if CODATA can provide me a reference to $B!F(Bverify$B!G(B this Data, that the Carbon atom $B!H(B</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black'>12C binding energy= 92161.753$B!^(B 0.014 keV</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>$B!I(B ? <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>If so, is this biding energy represents $B!F(Ba total energy that requires to $B!F(Bpull-isolate$B!G(B all 6-neutrons & 6-protons (assuming $B!F(Bnucleus contains only these 12)?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>Does CODATA show a precise $B!F(Bweight or mass$B!G(B for the $B!F(BCarbon atom$B!G(B?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>I am not a $B!F(Bchemist$B!G(B—I am a retired-Engineer$B!D(B and trying to find an $B!F(Binteresting$B!G(B result (which, of course, prefer </span><strong><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>Open Science</span></strong><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>I hope to hear from you and/or from an expert at CODATA..<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>Thanks,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>Maheswar<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'>Newark, DE, US <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F4E79'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black'>-------------<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><strong><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>We welcome any and all contributions to these forums!</span></strong><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing: border-box;padding:1.25rem;font-size:1rem'><strong><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>The UNESCO Consultation and Recommendation on Open Science</span></strong><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing: border-box;padding:1.25rem;font-size:1rem'><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt'>The practices of Open Science and calls for transformations of the way science is practiced, communicated and assessed have accelerated in the past two decades. Leading transnational organizations including the </span><a href="https://council.science/actionplan/open-science/"><span style='color:#1875B2;letter-spacing:-.4pt;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>International Council for Science</span></a><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt'>, </span><a href="http://www.oecd.org/coronavirus/policy-responses/why-open-science-is-critical-to-combatting-covid-19-cd6ab2f9/"><span style='color:#1875B2;letter-spacing:-.4pt;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>OECD</span></a><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt'> and </span><a href="https://ec.europa.eu/research/openscience/index.cfm"><span style='color:#1875B2;letter-spacing:-.4pt;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>European Commission</span></a><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt'>, have recognized Open Science as the key mode for research in the 21st century. Recognizing the significance of the movement, but also aware that in a $B!F(Bfragmented scientific and policy environment, a global understanding of the meaning, opportunities and challenges of Open Science is still missing$B!G(B, </span><a href="https://en.unesco.org/science-sustainable-future/open-science"><span style='color:#1875B2;letter-spacing:-.4pt;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>UNESCO launched a global consultation in March 2020</span></a><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt'>. This has as its objective $B!F(Bto build a coherent vision of Open Science and a shared set of overarching principles and shared values$B!G(B through the development of $B!F(Ban international standard-setting instrument on Open Science in the form of a UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science$B!G(B to be agreed at the UNESCO General Assembly in November 2021.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing: border-box;padding:1.25rem;font-size:1rem'><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>This is a precious opportunity for the worldwide research community to express priorities, report relevant experiences, and share visions for the future, thus helping to shape a new global order for research and its governance. A UNESCO Recommendation is a timely, important and urgent way to promote Open Science and provide concrete suggestions to national governments and research organizations, including scholarly societies, universities, and research groups.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing: border-box;padding:1.25rem;font-size:1rem'><strong><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>Consultation on the Draft UNESCO Recommendation</span></strong><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing: border-box;padding:1.25rem;font-size:1rem'><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt'>The first draft of the UNESCO Recommendation was produced, on the basis of the consultation and supported by the UNESCO Open Science team, by an </span><a href="https://en.unesco.org/science-sustainable-future/open-science/advisory-committee"><span style='color:#1875B2;letter-spacing:-.4pt;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>international Open Science Advisory Committee</span></a><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt'>, and was </span><a href="https://en.unesco.org/news/milestone-unescos-development-global-recommendation-open-science?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+OATP-Primary+%28OATP+primary%29"><span style='color:#1875B2;letter-spacing:-.4pt;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>published for consultation in early October 2020</span></a><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt'>. Feedback on the draft Recommendation is invited from UNESCO Member States and from the global research community until the end of January 2021. After that point, the Advisory Committee will resume its work to produce a second draft. The revised draft, approved by the UNESCO Director General will be sent to Member States in April 2021. This will be followed by a process of negotiation culminating, it is hoped, in the adoption of the text at the General Conference in November 2021.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><img border=0 width=347 height=181 id="Picture_x0020_1" src="cid:image002.jpg@01D6DB63.7CAAEC70" alt="https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/wVdFIKnxrsU4ZZ728sOqBOmg2SFuKXegTaCPbJe-PDx8VP729IgsErmEe-nd02xQWznAzY7gX7joaFoR2DFEv530uC9QJSTJsEXbFz1O4M08lbUx40m0hBVdrQ0u7rXook2KHviU"></span><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing: border-box;padding:1.25rem;font-size:1rem'><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>The draft Recommendation offers a definition of Open Science and it presents a set of core values and principles. Importantly, it lays out seven key areas of action, directed at Member States and other named stakeholders:</span><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:22.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2;background:white;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing: border-box;padding:1.25rem;font-size:1rem'><![if !supportLists]><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>1.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></span><![endif]><em><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>Promoting a common understanding of Open Science and diverse paths to Open Science</span></em><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:22.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2;background:white;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing: border-box;padding:1.25rem;font-size:1rem'><![if !supportLists]><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>2.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></span><![endif]><em><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>Developing an enabling policy environment for Open Science </span></em><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:22.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2;background:white;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing: border-box;padding:1.25rem;font-size:1rem'><![if !supportLists]><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>3.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></span><![endif]><em><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>Investing in Open Science infrastructures</span></em><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:22.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2;background:white;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing: border-box;padding:1.25rem;font-size:1rem'><![if !supportLists]><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>4.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></span><![endif]><em><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>Investing in capacity building for Open Science</span></em><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:22.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2;background:white;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing: border-box;padding:1.25rem;font-size:1rem'><![if !supportLists]><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>5.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></span><![endif]><em><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>Transforming scientific culture and aligning incentives for Open Science</span></em><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:22.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2;background:white;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing: border-box;padding:1.25rem;font-size:1rem'><![if !supportLists]><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>6.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></span><![endif]><em><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>Promoting innovative approaches for Open Science at different stages of the scientific process </span></em><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:22.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2;background:white;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing: border-box;padding:1.25rem;font-size:1rem'><![if !supportLists]><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>7.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></span><![endif]><em><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>Promoting international cooperation on Open Science</span></em><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing: border-box;padding:1.25rem;font-size:1rem'><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>Like any such document, the draft Recommendation tries to synthesize and reconcile a range of views and positions (not necessarily opposed or divergent, but with different emphases, concerns and priorities). Therefore, discussion and critique of the $B!F(BOpen Science for a Global Transformation$B!G(B document and the draft Recommendation are to be expected and encouraged. It is precisely through such scrutiny that we can ensure that this global statement on Open Science is as robust as possible.</span><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing: border-box;padding:1.25rem;font-size:1rem'><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>We invite the global research data community, such as the readership of the </span><a href="https://datascience.codata.org/"><span style='color:#1875B2;letter-spacing:-.4pt;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>Data Science Journal</span></a><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'> and those engaged with the </span><a href="https://codata.org/data-together-covid-19-appeal-and-actions/"><span style='color:#1875B2;letter-spacing:-.4pt;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>Data Together organizations</span></a><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'> and other data and information organizations, to seize this opportunity and to use these venues described above to share scholarly discussion, opinion pieces, critiques and proposals in relation to the UNESCO process and Recommendation. This will both provide a resource which can be fed into the direct process of consultation and feedback, and offer a longer-lasting collection of public and reasoned views and debate on the age-defining issue of Open Science.</span><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing: border-box;padding:1.25rem;font-size:1rem'><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>We are particularly interested in articles documenting regional dimensions, exploring neglected issues, critiques and arguments to improve the Recommendation, and discussions of issues to address in order to ensure positive and equitable outcomes from Open Science implementation. There will also be opportunities for further discussion at the </span><a href="https://codata.org/events/conferences/international-fair-convergence-symposium-convened-by-codata-and-go-fair-22-23-october-2020-paris-france/"><span style='color:#1875B2;letter-spacing:-.4pt;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>International (Virtual) FAIR Convergence Symposium in December 2020</span></a><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'> and other events such as the Virtual RDA Plenary meeting in November 2020. </span><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=featured-date align=right style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:right;background:white;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing: border-box;padding:1.25rem;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;widows: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;word-spacing:0px'><span style='color:#616161;letter-spacing:-.4pt'> Posted on <em><span style='border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>28 Oct 2020</span></em><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div></body></html>