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    <p>Actually I was going to make the opposite point. I think a major
      issue in discussing data governance issues is the lack of
      awareness of different large-scale data communities and their
      overlap and points of interface. So the UN now has its "World Data
      Forum" which is focused on sustainable development data and
      statistics; ISC/CODATA/WDS/RDA have "International Data Week"
      focused on scientific data; the growing community of Chief Data
      Officers/CIOs have their own set of meetings; the data science
      community now has a number of very large international data
      science conferences; the Earth observation community has the Group
      on Earth Observations; the health/medical communities have their
      own set of conferences; the disaster data community is very
      scattered across public and private sector and academic
      stakeholders; etc. Many of them approach data governance/rights
      issues quite differently. The research community generates data
      used by other communities, and vice versa. Addressing these
      multiple uses, taking into account a wider group of stakeholders
      and needs, is vital to ensure that each community doesn't just
      optimize its policies/approaches on its core constituents, but
      also promotes cross-sector/cross-jurisdictional use. This is
      particularly important because certain aspects of data governance,
      such as IP and copyright law and the activities of groups like the
      World Intellectual Property Organization, do affect all of these
      communities, and they may need to coordinate or collaborate in
      ensuring their views are represented. Many years ago, for example,
      ICSU/CODATA played a role in the World Summits on the Information
      Society, ensuring that scientific perspectives on the development
      of the Internet and the digital divide were represented (alongside
      the government/private sector Internet interests).</p>
    <p>Cheers, Bob<br>
    </p>
    <pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">*****
Dr. Robert S. Chen
Director, Center for International Earth Science Information Network
 (CIESIN), The Earth Institute, Columbia University
Manager, NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC)
P.O. Box 1000, 61 Route 9W, Palisades, NY 10964 USA
tel. +1 845-365-8952; fax +1 845-365-8922
e-mail: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:bchen@ciesin.columbia.edu">bchen@ciesin.columbia.edu</a>
CIESIN web site: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.ciesin.columbia.edu">http://www.ciesin.columbia.edu</a>
SEDAC web site: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu">http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu</a>

</pre>
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 10/17/19 5:18 AM,
      <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:Jean-Claude.BURGELMAN@ec.europa.eu">Jean-Claude.BURGELMAN@ec.europa.eu</a> wrote:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote type="cite"
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      <div class="WordSection1">
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Geoffrey
            et al<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">To
            me that seems to be a more than urgent issue to tackle and
            the ISC a more than correct actor to kick-start this.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">For
            me the issue (data governance) is a no brainer as an urgent
            policy issue.
            <br>
            We have OPEC to govern the oil prices (the key resource of
            the industrial society) so we need something to govern data,
            the key resource of the 21<sup>st</sup> century a knowledge
            society.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">2
            points I would suggest to put on the agenda as they need to
            be tackled up front<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoListParagraph"
          style="text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo3"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><span
              style="mso-list:Ignore">1.<span style="font:7.0pt
                "Times New Roman"">     
              </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">The
            exact scope : data is everywhere, but we can’t address it
            all. My suggestion: only data produced by the research
            system. In itself massive – certainly in view of AI - but
            also logical from an ISC perspective to ‘’claim’’ this.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoListParagraph"
          style="text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo3"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><span
              style="mso-list:Ignore">2.<span style="font:7.0pt
                "Times New Roman"">     
              </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">The
            governance models to avoid. It seems to me we need to invent
            a new frame, rather than hooking it to existing
             institutions.
            <o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoListParagraph"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">A
            federation of science clouds – emerging around the world de
            facto – could be a first step<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Looking
            forward to collaborate on this<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">jc<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Jean-Claude
              BURGELMAN</span></b><b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Open
            Access Envoy<br>
            <br>
            <o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"> </span></b><a
            name="_GoBack" moz-do-not-send="true"></a><b><span
              style="font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><img
              style="width:1.0521in;height:.513in" id="Picture_x0020_1"
              src="cid:part2.B9006C4C.4E50F151@ciesin.columbia.edu"
              class="" width="101" height="49"></span><b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">European
              Commission<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">DG
            Research & Innovation<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Dir
            G</span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"
            lang="FR">ORBN 07/087</span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"
            lang="FR"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"
            lang="FR">1049 Brussels/Belgium</span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"
            lang="FR"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"
            lang="FR">+32 229-80006</span><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"
            lang="FR">
          </span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"
            lang="FR"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><a
              href="mailto:jean-claude.burgelman@ec.europa.eu"
              moz-do-not-send="true"><span
                style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                lang="FR">jean-claude.burgelman@ec.europa.eu</span></a></span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"
            lang="FR"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <div>
          <div style="border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1
            1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm">
            <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><b><span
                  style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"
                  lang="EN-US">From:</span></b><span
                style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"
                lang="EN-US"> CODATA-international
                <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:codata-international-bounces@lists.codata.org"><codata-international-bounces@lists.codata.org></a>
                <b>On Behalf Of </b>BOULTON Geoffrey<br>
                <b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, October 16, 2019 9:20 PM<br>
                <b>To:</b> Kiringai Kamau
                <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:kiringai.kamau@godan.info"><kiringai.kamau@godan.info></a><br>
                <b>Cc:</b> CODATA International
                <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:codata-international@lists.codata.org"><codata-international@lists.codata.org></a><br>
                <b>Subject:</b> Re: [CODATA-international] Digital
                Feudalism<o:p></o:p></span></p>
          </div>
        </div>
        <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt">I should mention
          that the International Science Council (outcome of a merger
          between ICSU and ISSC - the International Social Science
          Council -  is shortly to launch a major initiative on Global
          Data Governance (please don’t be upset by the world
          governance), that will deal with many of the issues raised in
          this correspondence. It will of course be highly contested by
          precisely some of those interests also referred to in this
          correspondence. However, if the science community does not
          take a lead on this one, you can be sure that someone else
          will.
          <o:p></o:p></p>
        <div>
          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></p>
        </div>
        <div>
          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt">It would be
            interring and useful to have colleagues' ideas on what the
            kick-off agenda should be. It would also be interesting the
            hear from those colleagues who thing it is a thoroughly bad
            idea,<o:p></o:p></p>
        </div>
        <div>
          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></p>
        </div>
        <div>
          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt">Best wishes<o:p></o:p></p>
        </div>
        <div>
          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></p>
        </div>
        <div>
          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt">Geoffrey<o:p></o:p></p>
        </div>
        <div>
          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></p>
        </div>
        <div>
          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></p>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:36.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><br>
              <br>
              <o:p></o:p></p>
            <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
              <div>
                <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt">On 16
                  Oct 2019, at 18:48, Kiringai Kamau <<a
                    href="mailto:kiringai.kamau@godan.info"
                    moz-do-not-send="true">kiringai.kamau@godan.info</a>>
                  wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
              </div>
              <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></p>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">Thanks,
                      Alex for yours!
                      <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                  <div>
                    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                  </div>
                  <div>
                    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">Your
                        discussion makes the reason to have a more
                        focused discourse among stakeholders which this
                        platform provides part of. It would make good
                        sense to align this with some of the data think
                        Tanks and present the case for in-depth analysis
                        for a continental level discussion. We are
                        gearing for the ACFTA, which will drive
                        intra-Africa Trade. Investment in infrastructure
                        is definitely critical for this. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                  </div>
                  <div>
                    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                  </div>
                  <div>
                    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">The
                        GODAN Africa Agenda is to promote a concensus on
                        an Open data paradigm that anonymizes data for
                        access, use and reuse for innovation.
                        Intra-country data needs to be as raw as the
                        users may seek to do. It makes sense for each
                        country to plan its own strategy on hosting, but
                        GODAN supports countries think through the
                        internal processes. Alone, however, we are not
                        able to do it which is why we are a network to
                        work with those who share our vision of making
                        evidence available for decision making using
                        data openness.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                  </div>
                  <div>
                    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                  </div>
                  <div>
                    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">The
                        best locale for the kind of discussion we seem
                        to hold is at the AU or ECA, who could kick
                        start the discussions then regions and countries
                        can take that forward but from the perspective
                        of breaking the big pan African challenge into
                        smaller achievable milestones. If we do have any
                        representatives of the AU, ECA, or any
                        institutional initiatives that believe in the
                        goal of GODAN, in this forum, kindly inbox me so
                        that we can side chat on the possibilities.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                  </div>
                  <div>
                    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                  </div>
                  <div>
                    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">Sincerely,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                  </div>
                  <div>
                    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                  </div>
                  <div>
                    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">Kiringai<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                  </div>
                  <div>
                    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                  </div>
                  <div>
                    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">This
                        discu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                  </div>
                </div>
                <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></p>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">On
                        Wed, Oct 16, 2019 at 5:21 PM Alex de Sherbinin
                        <<a
                          href="mailto:adesherbinin@ciesin.columbia.edu"
                          moz-do-not-send="true">adesherbinin@ciesin.columbia.edu</a>>
                        wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                  </div>
                  <blockquote style="border:none;border-left:solid
                    #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm
                    6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0cm">
                    <div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">Dear
                            Kiringai, 
                            <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                            style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                              style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                        </div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                            style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                              style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">Thanks
                              for your thoughtful response. I don't
                              think that the cloud makes in-country or
                              regional investments in the establishment
                              of data repositories redundant. A
                              repository could use the cloud for storage
                              or backup and still require domain
                              expertise for the curation, documentation
                              and stewardship of data according to
                              community standards. Note that the
                              CoreTrustSeal certification requires
                              repositories to identify their domain and
                              mission, which is considered critical for
                              understanding the needs of the user
                              community. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                        </div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                            style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                              style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                        </div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                            style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                              style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">One
                              of the issues I have with the current
                              approach to putting data in open
                              repositories (Dryad, Figshare, etc.) is
                              that the data are often not well
                              documented (unless accompanied by a
                              journal article) or discoverable, e.g.
                              through catalog searches. Something else
                              I've encountered in Africa is a reluctance
                              by national governments to entrust their
                              data to cloud services hosted in Europe or
                              North America. There may really be no
                              threat to data security or breaches at
                              all, but there is a perception that such a
                              threat exists or that this is a form of
                              neo-colonialism (exportation of data).
                              Lastly, someone else raised the issue that
                              the cloud requires monthly fees.
                              Unfortunately this may represent an
                              obstacle to donors, who can pay for
                              infrastructure but not necessarily monthly
                              fees. Perhaps those policies can be
                              changed in recognition of the new reality.
                              Or perhaps a continental/regional approach
                              could mean that a repository is supported
                              by fees coming from multiple member
                              countries.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                        </div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                            style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                              style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                        </div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                            style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                              style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">I
                              am not opposed to a continental/regional
                              approach to data repositories, but where
                              do we begin? With the AOSP? The African
                              Union? And is it just one big open
                              repository serving all domains from health
                              to agriculture to climate or biological
                              sciences, or could we envision various
                              domain repositories being set up with core
                              funding serving continental or regional
                              needs (say under the umbrella of ECOWAS or
                              CILSS in the West African context)?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                        </div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                            style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                              style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                        </div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                            style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                              style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">In
                              any case - I wanted to make this point to
                              the group at large, in case others have
                              thoughts. I would like to follow up with
                              you for some more discussions on possible
                              GODAN-WDS collaboration in the region.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                        </div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                            style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                              style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                        </div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                            style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                              style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">Alex<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                        </div>
                      </div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                      <div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                            style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                              style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">On
                              Sun, Oct 13, 2019 at 12:56 AM Kiringai
                              Kamau <<a
                                href="mailto:kiringai.kamau@godan.info"
                                target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">kiringai.kamau@godan.info</a>>
                              wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                        </div>
                        <blockquote style="border:none;border-left:solid
                          #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm
                          6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0cm">
                          <div>
                            <div>
                              <p class="MsoNormal"
                                style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                  style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">Alex,
                                  <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                              <div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal"
                                  style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                    style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                              </div>
                              <div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal"
                                  style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                    style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">As
                                    you well mention, the Cloud makes
                                    in-country investments redundant.
                                    and may to some extent be
                                    unnecessary. As Africa moves to
                                    centralize rather than decentralize
                                    within the Continental Free Trade
                                    Area and the Malabo Agendas, we may
                                    want to think of Africa's open data
                                    space as the policy environment
                                    where much of what emerges from your
                                    workshop/conference will get better
                                    mileage for realization.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                              </div>
                              <div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal"
                                  style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                    style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                              </div>
                              <div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal"
                                  style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                    style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">GODAN's
                                    Africa Agenda is to support a
                                    melting pot of innovation using
                                    data. It is my view that once data
                                    is openly available, the temptation
                                    of taking it away to any place or
                                    location after a project is done
                                    becomes unnecessary. We make a deal
                                    of data theft because someone having
                                    it has better mileage in what they
                                    can propose to us...what if
                                    everyone has access, can use and
                                    reuse the data for innovation-based
                                    not on information asymmetry but
                                    rather on their ingenuity?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                              </div>
                              <div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal"
                                  style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                    style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                              </div>
                              <div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal"
                                  style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                    style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">If
                                    we could do this, then the pan
                                    African institutions would focus on
                                    what brings development rather than
                                    other parochial
                                    interests...investment would be
                                    promoted and development achieved.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                              </div>
                              <div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal"
                                  style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                    style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                              </div>
                              <div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal"
                                  style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                    style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">I
                                    would be keen to discuss with your
                                    team on the possibilities of moving
                                    to a more centralized open data
                                    space that can inspire innovation as
                                    we work together within the GODAN
                                    Agenda. Unfortunately, we shall be
                                    finishing the Africa Geospatial Data
                                    and Internet Conference in Accra at
                                    the time yours kicks off.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                              </div>
                              <div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal"
                                  style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                    style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                              </div>
                              <div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal"
                                  style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                    style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">Inbox
                                    me for further discussion on how we
                                    can work together.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                              </div>
                              <div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal"
                                  style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                    style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                              </div>
                              <div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal"
                                  style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                    style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">Kiringai,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                              </div>
                            </div>
                            <p class="MsoNormal"
                              style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                            <div>
                              <div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal"
                                  style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                    style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">On
                                    Sat, Oct 12, 2019 at 9:53 PM Alex de
                                    Sherbinin <<a
                                      href="mailto:adesherbinin@ciesin.columbia.edu"
                                      target="_blank"
                                      moz-do-not-send="true">adesherbinin@ciesin.columbia.edu</a>>
                                    wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                              </div>
                              <blockquote
                                style="border:none;border-left:solid
                                #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm
                                6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0cm">
                                <div>
                                  <p class="MsoNormal"
                                    style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                      style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">This
                                      conversation offers a good
                                      opportunity to make everyone aware
                                      of a conference coming up on 23-25
                                      October in Dakar: "Open Science in
                                      the South: Issues and Perspectives
                                      for a New Dynamic"   <a
href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/opensciencesud.sciencesconf.org/__;%21NW73rmyV52c%21UrPr3J-Y0KFaALfr1KzXpKMBItrPWFea6XLUMgy9-eQlkqDgUy0dw75xS2utF06_Rzgw1r0j044g9w$"
                                        target="_blank"
                                        moz-do-not-send="true">https://opensciencesud.sciencesconf.org/</a>.
                                      <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                  <div>
                                    <p class="MsoNormal"
                                      style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                        style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                  </div>
                                  <div>
                                    <p class="MsoNormal"
                                      style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                        style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">At
                                        this conference I am
                                        co-organizing with a colleague
                                        from WDS (Arona Diedhou) and
                                        partners from Agrhymet, Centre
                                        de Suivi Ecologique and WASCAL a
                                        workshop on developing West
                                        African research data
                                        repositories. One of the
                                        arguments I plan to make is that
                                        the absence of national /
                                        regional repositories, along
                                        with policies in countries
                                        requiring repatriation of data
                                        (or at least maintenance of a
                                        copy in country), there will
                                        continue be a lack of
                                        "restitution" of research
                                        findings and development project
                                        data in the region. I'd be happy
                                        to know if others are making
                                        such arguments, or if indeed in
                                        the age of the cloud this seems
                                        too parochial. Obviously this
                                        would require training and
                                        funding.  If anyone can point me
                                        to initiatives that would
                                        support this effort, that would
                                        be most welcome.  I am hoping to
                                        convince IRD, the lead
                                        organizer, that investment in
                                        this area would be a tangible
                                        output from the conference.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                  </div>
                                  <div>
                                    <p class="MsoNormal"
                                      style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                        style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                  </div>
                                  <div>
                                    <p class="MsoNormal"
                                      style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                        style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">Cheers,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                  </div>
                                  <div>
                                    <p class="MsoNormal"
                                      style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                        style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">Alex
                                        de Sherbinin <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                  </div>
                                  <div>
                                    <p class="MsoNormal"
                                      style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                        style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">vice
                                        chair, WDS scientific committee<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                  </div>
                                </div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal"
                                  style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                    style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                <div>
                                  <div>
                                    <p class="MsoNormal"
                                      style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                        style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">On
                                        Sat, Oct 12, 2019 at 9:42 AM
                                        Kiringai Kamau <<a
                                          href="mailto:kiringai.kamau@godan.info"
                                          target="_blank"
                                          moz-do-not-send="true">kiringai.kamau@godan.info</a>>
                                        wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                  </div>
                                  <blockquote
                                    style="border:none;border-left:solid
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                                    6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0cm">
                                    <div>
                                      <div>
                                        <p class="MsoNormal"
                                          style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">Kassim,
                                            Niek
                                            <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                        <div>
                                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                                            style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                        </div>
                                        <div>
                                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                                            style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">As
                                              you rightly say, most of
                                              the projects are
                                              undertaken from a top-down
                                              perspective, with limited
                                              sharing of knowledge among
                                              all the actors ... the
                                              beneficiaries rarely get
                                              to see the definition of
                                              the mission and the
                                              impatience to get started
                                              by those coming with the
                                              project funds creates no
                                              opportunity for any
                                              preparedness among the
                                              beneficiary partners.
                                              Where knowledgeable
                                              persons exist, they may
                                              only be hosted within
                                              institutions. In many
                                              cases, such institutions
                                              are not core/key actors in
                                              the problem/project
                                              definition. They are only
                                              invited, by a higher
                                              privileged office/officer,
                                              when everything has been
                                              defined and pathways of
                                              implementation determined
                                              at a political level they
                                              cannot question. Economic
                                              or political interests are
                                              the pathways that those
                                              with interests use to take
                                              advantage of a system they
                                              may know presents the
                                              opportunity to give them
                                              leeway to mine data for
                                              their use and leave with
                                              it. The projects therefore
                                              are not defined with any
                                              other intention other than
                                              the data sourcing for a
                                              song and empty promises by
                                              those portending to
                                              possess the knowledge that
                                              will develop a beneficiary
                                              country. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                        </div>
                                        <div>
                                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                                            style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                        </div>
                                        <div>
                                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                                            style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">Realizing
                                              this challenge, the Global
                                              Open Data for Agriculture
                                              and Nutrition convened
                                              with ministers of the
                                              South-South an Open Data
                                              Conference in Nairobi
                                              where a Declaration was
                                              formulated. We are
                                              currently supporting
                                              African countries to
                                              evolve policies and
                                              frameworks that can advise
                                              compliance to national,
                                              regional and global
                                              agendas and in the process
                                              build local capacity key
                                              of which is data
                                              governance. I am convinced
                                              that we can sport feudal
                                              inclinations on behalf of
                                              partner countries in
                                              projects and therefore
                                              request anyone formulating
                                              a project that they feel
                                              should be bottom-up and
                                              create local
                                              knowledge should link up
                                              with GODAN through Suchith
                                              or myself (in case your
                                              area of focus is Africa).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                        </div>
                                        <div>
                                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                                            style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                        </div>
                                        <div>
                                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                                            style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">Thanks,
                                              Suchith for sharing the
                                              Feudalism concerns.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                        </div>
                                        <div>
                                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                                            style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                        </div>
                                        <div>
                                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                                            style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">Kiringai
                                              Kamau<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                        </div>
                                        <div>
                                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                                            style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                        </div>
                                        <div>
                                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                                            style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                        </div>
                                      </div>
                                      <div>
                                        <div>
                                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                                            style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">On
                                              Sat, Oct 12, 2019 at 10:16
                                              AM Mwitondi, Kassim <<a
href="mailto:K.Mwitondi@shu.ac.uk" target="_blank"
                                                moz-do-not-send="true">K.Mwitondi@shu.ac.uk</a>>
                                              wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                        </div>
                                        <blockquote
                                          style="border:none;border-left:solid
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                                          0cm
                                          6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0cm">
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="MsoNormal"
                                              style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">This
                                                is an instance of a
                                                biased data ownership. A
                                                few years ago I was
                                                working with a young
                                                African researcher on an
                                                agro-forestry research
                                                project. No sooner had
                                                we started than I
                                                realused that her centre
                                                had only some
                                                descriptive statistics
                                                but no direct access to
                                                the biomass data which
                                                she and her colleagues
                                                had spent months
                                                collecting from two
                                                islands! The vast chunk
                                                of the data had left
                                                with the development
                                                partners at the end of
                                                the project. It turned
                                                out, nobody at the
                                                centre had any knowledge
                                                or pressing interest to
                                                pursue the data and
                                                there was already new
                                                initiatives to run
                                                another project, which
                                                in my view was almost a
                                                duplicate of the first,
                                                but this time with a
                                                different development
                                                partner.<br>
                                                <br>
                                                To cut the long story
                                                short, I have come
                                                across several cases of
                                                data ownership of this
                                                nature and my view is
                                                that it doesn't help
                                                much coining
                                                terminologies, as the
                                                best that can be
                                                achieved is a blame
                                                culture. Would I call
                                                that data capitalism?
                                                Colonialism? Feudalism?
                                                I never would! I have
                                                learnt, over the years,
                                                that proper problem
                                                identification is a
                                                major stride in working
                                                out the solution.
                                                Blaming it on one part
                                                marginalizing the other
                                                when it comes to data
                                                generation, access and
                                                ownership is stripping
                                                everyone on the project
                                                of a fundamental
                                                responsibility in
                                                managing the project.<br>
                                                <br>
                                                Apparently, the problem
                                                starts with the project
                                                write-up. If the project
                                                recipient is fully
                                                engaged from project
                                                initiation to delivery,
                                                they surely should know
                                                how to access the data,
                                                as that is a key project
                                                deliverable. My personal
                                                experience is that there
                                                are a several factors
                                                that lead to this kind
                                                of situation. One, many
                                                project ideas are
                                                top-down, that is, they
                                                are not developed within
                                                the working conditions
                                                of the recipients. Two,
                                                there are often many
                                                gaps in engagement,
                                                mainly caused by near
                                                disparate motives on
                                                many projects, with the
                                                funders, experts and
                                                recipients not
                                                necessarily having the
                                                same perception, motives
                                                or knowledge. Put the
                                                two together and add the
                                                determined project
                                                timeline, you have a
                                                near disaster. But the
                                                tripartite interests to
                                                run projects continues
                                                and we are creating a
                                                vicious cycle. What is
                                                the solution? It must
                                                start from the
                                                recipients who must
                                                align each incoming
                                                project with their
                                                respective development
                                                strategies. They must
                                                present themselves as
                                                equal partners in
                                                defining the project
                                                problem and tracking and
                                                measuring its outcomes.
                                                They should be able to
                                                quantifiable identify
                                                what worked and what
                                                didn't and any there
                                                should be national
                                                institutions charged
                                                with such
                                                responsibility. I could
                                                be writing all night, I
                                                would rather stop here
                                                for now.<br>
                                                <br>
                                                Thanks.<br>
                                                <br>
                                                KSM<br>
                                                <br>
                                                Dr Kassim S. Mwitondi<br>
                                                Sheffield Hallam
                                                University<br>
                                                Faculty of Science,
                                                Technology and Arts<br>
                                                Communication &
                                                Computing Research
                                                Centre<br>
                                                9410 Cantor Building,
                                                City Campus<br>
                                                153 Arundel Street<br>
                                                Sheffield, S1 2NU<br>
                                                United Kingdom<br>
                                                Tel. +44-114-2256914
                                                (Direct)<br>
                                                Tel. +44-114-2255555
                                                (General)<br>
                                                <a
href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.shu.ac.uk/about-us/our-people/staff-profiles/kassim-mwitondi__;%21NW73rmyV52c%21UrPr3J-Y0KFaALfr1KzXpKMBItrPWFea6XLUMgy9-eQlkqDgUy0dw75xS2utF06_Rzgw1r2F-DlGZA$"
                                                  target="_blank"
                                                  moz-do-not-send="true">https://www.shu.ac.uk/about-us/our-people/staff-profiles/kassim-mwitondi</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                            <div class="MsoNormal"
                                              style="margin-left:36.0pt;text-align:center"
                                              align="center">
                                              <span
                                                style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">
                                                <hr
                                                  style="width:656.05pt"
                                                  align="center"
                                                  width="1048" size="2">
                                              </span></div>
                                            <div
id="gmail-m_9164955319176224047gmail-m_-4989014867423375544gmail-m_4557195154782684620gmail-m_-7800805981749287178gmail-m_3103754363310989558divRplyFwdMsg">
                                              <p class="MsoNormal"
                                                style="margin-left:36.0pt"><b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span
class="apple-converted-space"><span
                                                    style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> </span></span><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">CODATA-international
                                                  <<a
                                                    href="mailto:codata-international-bounces@lists.codata.org"
                                                    target="_blank"
                                                    moz-do-not-send="true">codata-international-bounces@lists.codata.org</a>>
                                                  on behalf of Trimpact
                                                  - Niek <<a
                                                    href="mailto:niek@trimpact.nl"
                                                    target="_blank"
                                                    moz-do-not-send="true">niek@trimpact.nl</a>><br>
                                                  <b>Sent:</b><span
                                                    class="apple-converted-space"> </span>11
                                                  October 2019 18:12:22<br>
                                                  <b>To:</b><span
                                                    class="apple-converted-space"> </span>'Ernie
                                                  Boyko' <<a
                                                    href="mailto:boykern@yahoo.com"
                                                    target="_blank"
                                                    moz-do-not-send="true">boykern@yahoo.com</a>>;
                                                  'CODATA International'
                                                  <<a
                                                    href="mailto:codata-international@lists.codata.org"
                                                    target="_blank"
                                                    moz-do-not-send="true">codata-international@lists.codata.org</a>>;
                                                  'Suchith Anand' <<a
href="mailto:Suchith.Anand@nottingham.ac.uk" target="_blank"
                                                    moz-do-not-send="true">Suchith.Anand@nottingham.ac.uk</a>><br>
                                                  <b>Subject:</b><span
                                                    class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Re:
                                                  [CODATA-international]
                                                  Digital Feudalism</span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">
                                                  <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                              <div>
                                                <p class="MsoNormal"
                                                  style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                              </div>
                                            </div>
                                            <div>
                                              <div>
                                                <p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">Dear
                                                    all,</span><span
                                                    style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                    lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                <div>
                                                  <p class="MsoNormal"
                                                    style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"> </span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                      lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                </div>
                                                <p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">This
                                                    is indeed a huge
                                                    problem. I also
                                                    recently learned
                                                    that information
                                                    data from NGOs are
                                                    best perhaps shared
                                                    with some ministries
                                                    in Bamako, Mali, but
                                                    not within a region
                                                    where the work is
                                                    being done. This
                                                    implies that local
                                                    decision makers
                                                    remain dependant on
                                                    the information/data
                                                    stream back from the
                                                    ministries which may
                                                    take some months, if
                                                    ever. This can never
                                                    be the purpose of
                                                    the work executed.</span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                    lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                <div>
                                                  <p class="MsoNormal"
                                                    style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"> </span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                      lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                </div>
                                                <p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">Since
                                                    most of the projects
                                                    are financed with
                                                    public funding for
                                                    the benefit of de
                                                    people in the given
                                                    (development)
                                                    country and
                                                    data/information
                                                    belong in fact to
                                                    the real funds
                                                    provider of the work
                                                    (i.e. tax payers),
                                                    claims of
                                                    intellectual
                                                    property rights that
                                                    data belong to the
                                                    project executors
                                                    seem not applicable.
                                                    Consequently, data
                                                    and other
                                                    information (e.g.
                                                    lessons learned)
                                                    should be shared at
                                                    large to the
                                                    population and other
                                                    relevant
                                                    stakeholders to
                                                    avoid duplication of
                                                    efforts.</span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                    lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                <div>
                                                  <p class="MsoNormal"
                                                    style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"> </span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                      lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                </div>
                                                <p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">A
                                                    discussion
                                                    worthwhile to be
                                                    continued.</span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                    lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                <div>
                                                  <p class="MsoNormal"
                                                    style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"> </span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                      lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                </div>
                                                <p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                    lang="NL">Kind
                                                    regards,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                <div>
                                                  <p class="MsoNormal"
                                                    style="margin-left:36.0pt;background:white"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                      lang="NL"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                </div>
                                                <p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt;background:white;background-position:initial
initial;background-repeat:initial initial">
                                                  <span
                                                    style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                    lang="NL">Dr. Niek
                                                    van Duivenbooden<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                <div>
                                                  <p class="MsoNormal"
                                                    style="margin-left:36.0pt;background:white"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#002060"
                                                      lang="NL"> </span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                      lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                </div>
                                                <p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt;background:white;background-position:initial
initial;background-repeat:initial initial">
                                                  <span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><image001.png></span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"> <span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i><span style="color:#87B73D">Bringing
                                                        value to life</span></i></span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                    lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                <div>
                                                  <p class="MsoNormal"
                                                    style="margin-left:36.0pt;background:white"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#87B73D"> </span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                      lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                </div>
                                                <p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt;background:white;background-position:initial
initial;background-repeat:initial initial">
                                                  <span
style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#87B73D"
                                                    lang="NL">Mezenlaan
                                                    138  -  6951 HR
                                                    Dieren  -  The
                                                    Netherlands – T +31
                                                    61 13 81 061</span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                    lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                <p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt;background:white;background-position:initial
initial;background-repeat:initial initial">
                                                  <span
style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#87B73D"
                                                    lang="NL">KvK:<span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Corbel",sans-serif;color:#87B73D"
                                                    lang="NL">64218422</span><span
class="apple-converted-space"><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#87B73D"
                                                      lang="NL"> </span></span><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#87B73D"
                                                    lang="NL">  -<span
                                                      class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#87B73D"
                                                    lang="FR"><a
                                                      href="mailto:niek@trimpact.nl"
                                                      target="_blank"
                                                      moz-do-not-send="true"><span
style="color:#87B73D" lang="NL">niek@trimpact.nl</span></a></span><span
class="apple-converted-space"><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#87B73D"
                                                      lang="NL"> </span></span><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#87B73D"
                                                    lang="NL">-<span
                                                      class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a
href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/www.trimpact.nl/__;%21NW73rmyV52c%21UrPr3J-Y0KFaALfr1KzXpKMBItrPWFea6XLUMgy9-eQlkqDgUy0dw75xS2utF06_Rzgw1r0cKZ9JgA$"
                                                      target="_blank"
                                                      moz-do-not-send="true"><span
style="color:#87B73D">www.Trimpact.nl</span></a></span><span
                                                    style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                    lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                <div>
                                                  <p class="MsoNormal"
                                                    style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                      lang="NL"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                </div>
                                                <div>
                                                  <p class="MsoNormal"
                                                    style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                      lang="NL"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                </div>
                                                <div>
                                                  <p class="MsoNormal"
                                                    style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                      lang="NL"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                </div>
                                                <div>
                                                  <p class="MsoNormal"
                                                    style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                      lang="NL"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                </div>
                                                <div>
                                                  <div
                                                    style="border:none;border-top:solid
                                                    #E1E1E1
                                                    1.0pt;padding:3.0pt
                                                    0cm 0cm 0cm">
                                                    <p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt">
                                                      <b><span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL">Van:</span></b><span
class="apple-converted-space"><span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"> </span></span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                        lang="NL">CODATA-international
                                                        <<a
                                                          href="mailto:codata-international-bounces@lists.codata.org"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">codata-international-bounces@lists.codata.org</a>><span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span><b>Namens<span
                                                          class="apple-converted-space"> </span></b>Ernie
                                                        Boyko<br>
                                                        <b>Verzonden:</b><span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span>vrijdag 11 oktober 2019 15:26<br>
                                                        <b>Aan:</b><span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span>CODATA International <<a
                                                          href="mailto:codata-international@lists.codata.org"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">codata-international@lists.codata.org</a>>;
                                                        Suchith Anand
                                                        <<a
                                                          href="mailto:Suchith.Anand@nottingham.ac.uk"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">Suchith.Anand@nottingham.ac.uk</a>><br>
                                                        <b>Onderwerp:</b><span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Re: [CODATA-international] Digital
                                                        Feudalism<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                  </div>
                                                </div>
                                                <div>
                                                  <p class="MsoNormal"
                                                    style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                      lang="NL"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                </div>
                                                <div>
                                                  <div>
                                                    <div>
                                                      <p
                                                        class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt">
                                                        Thank you
                                                        Suchith,<span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                    </div>
                                                    <div>
                                                      <p
                                                        class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt">
                                                        I have not heard
                                                        that term before
                                                        but I did run
                                                        into   related
                                                        term this week
                                                        at the
                                                        DDI-CODATA
                                                        workshop here in
                                                        Dagstuhl.  The
                                                        term is Data
                                                        Colonialism. 
                                                        This often
                                                        happens when a
                                                        foreign entity
                                                        (e.g., a
                                                        development
                                                        agency/project).e
                                                        data are
                                                        collected in a
                                                        developing
                                                        country and are
                                                        taken out of the
                                                        country.  They
                                                        will leave
                                                        behind some
                                                        summary tables
                                                        but will take
                                                        the rich data
                                                        and metadata
                                                        away.  This
                                                        makes it
                                                        difficult to
                                                        develop the data
                                                        analysis and
                                                        management
                                                        skills within
                                                        the country.  <span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                    </div>
                                                    <div>
                                                      <div>
                                                        <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt"> <span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                      </div>
                                                    </div>
                                                    <div>
                                                      <p
                                                        class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt">
                                                        Thanks for the
                                                        message.<span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                    </div>
                                                    <div>
                                                      <div>
                                                        <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt"> <span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                      </div>
                                                    </div>
                                                    <div>
                                                      <div
id="gmail-m_9164955319176224047gmail-m_-4989014867423375544gmail-m_4557195154782684620gmail-m_-7800805981749287178gmail-m_3103754363310989558x_ydp112ffa72yui_3_13_0_1_1383570742306_21877">
                                                        <div
id="gmail-m_9164955319176224047gmail-m_-4989014867423375544gmail-m_4557195154782684620gmail-m_-7800805981749287178gmail-m_3103754363310989558x_ydp112ffa72yui_3_13_0_1_1383570742306_21877">
                                                          <div
id="gmail-m_9164955319176224047gmail-m_-4989014867423375544gmail-m_4557195154782684620gmail-m_-7800805981749287178gmail-m_3103754363310989558x_ydp112ffa72yui_3_13_0_1_1383923334020_29546">
                                                          <div
id="gmail-m_9164955319176224047gmail-m_-4989014867423375544gmail-m_4557195154782684620gmail-m_-7800805981749287178gmail-m_3103754363310989558x_ydp112ffa72yui_3_13_0_1_1383923334020_29543">
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt;background:white">
                                                          <span
                                                          style="font-size:13.5pt">Cheers,
                                                          Ernie</span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt;background:white;background-position:initial
initial;background-repeat:initial initial">
                                                          <span
                                                          style="font-size:13.5pt">+1-613-290-2804</span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt;background:white;background-position:initial
initial;background-repeat:initial initial">
                                                          <b><span
                                                          style="font-size:10.0pt">Larrimac: 
                                                          More than a
                                                          golf course!</span></b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt;background:white;background-position:initial
initial;background-repeat:initial initial">
                                                          <b><span
                                                          style="font-size:10.0pt">CODATA:
                                                          Making data
                                                          work together
                                                          to improve
                                                          science to
                                                          support
                                                          decision
                                                          makers.</span></b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt;background:white"> <span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt;background:white"> <span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt;background:white"><span
                                                          style="font-size:13.5pt"> </span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                        </div>
                                                      </div>
                                                    </div>
                                                  </div>
                                                  <div>
                                                    <div>
                                                      <p
                                                        class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt"> <span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                    </div>
                                                  </div>
                                                  <div>
                                                    <div>
                                                      <p
                                                        class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt"> <span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                    </div>
                                                  </div>
                                                </div>
                                                <div
id="gmail-m_9164955319176224047gmail-m_-4989014867423375544gmail-m_4557195154782684620gmail-m_-7800805981749287178gmail-m_3103754363310989558x_ydpc035e2ddyahoo_quoted_1652527351">
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                                                      <p
                                                        class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt">
                                                        <span
                                                          style="font-size:10.0pt;color:#26282A">On
                                                          Friday,
                                                          October 11,
                                                          2019, 08:51:29
                                                          AM EDT,
                                                          Suchith Anand
                                                          <</span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><a
                                                          href="mailto:Suchith.Anand@nottingham.ac.uk"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true"><span
                                                          style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times
                                                          New
                                                          Roman",serif"
                                                          lang="EN-GB">Suchith.Anand@nottingham.ac.uk</span></a></span><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;color:#26282A">> wrote:<span
                                                          class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                    </div>
                                                    <div>
                                                      <div>
                                                        <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:#26282A"> </span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                      </div>
                                                    </div>
                                                    <div>
                                                      <div>
                                                        <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:#26282A"> </span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                      </div>
                                                    </div>
                                                    <div>
                                                      <div
id="gmail-m_9164955319176224047gmail-m_-4989014867423375544gmail-m_4557195154782684620gmail-m_-7800805981749287178gmail-m_3103754363310989558x_ydpc035e2ddyiv1740180125">
                                                        <div>
                                                          <div
id="gmail-m_9164955319176224047gmail-m_-4989014867423375544gmail-m_4557195154782684620gmail-m_-7800805981749287178gmail-m_3103754363310989558x_ydpc035e2ddyiv1740180125divtagdefaultwrapper">
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                                          style="font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"> </span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <div
id="gmail-m_9164955319176224047gmail-m_-4989014867423375544gmail-m_4557195154782684620gmail-m_-7800805981749287178gmail-m_3103754363310989558x_ydpc035e2ddyiv1740180125x_divtagdefaultwrapper">
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt">
                                                          <span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">I
                                                          came across a
                                                          recent op-ed
                                                          by Prof.
                                                          Mariana
                                                          Mazzucato on
                                                          “Digital
                                                          Feudalism”  at</span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#454545"> </span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt;font-stretch:
                                                          normal">
                                                          <span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><a
href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/platform-economy-digital-feudalism-by-mariana-mazzucato-2019-10?utm_source=Project*Syndicate*Newsletter&utm_campaign=d192f2bc47-sunday_newsletter_6_10_2019&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_73bad5b7d8-d192f2bc47-105013549&mc_cid=d192f2bc47&mc_eid=a8cee90b20__;Kys%21NW73rmyV52c%21UrPr3J-Y0KFaALfr1KzXpKMBItrPWFea6XLUMgy9-eQlkqDgUy0dw75xS2utF06_Rzgw1r3ig26yxQ$"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true"><span lang="EN-GB">https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/platform-economy-digital-feudalism-by-mariana-mazzucato-2019-10?utm_source=Project+Syndicate+Newsletter&utm_campaign=d192f2bc47-sunday_newsletter_6_10_2019&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_73bad5b7d8-d192f2bc47-105013549&mc_cid=d192f2bc47&mc_eid=a8cee90b20</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#454545"> </span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt;font-stretch:
normal;min-height: 14px">
                                                          <span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">Prof.
                                                          Mazzucato is a
                                                          leading
                                                          researcher and
                                                          thinker on
                                                          Technology and
                                                          Innovation,
                                                          advisor to the
                                                          European
                                                          Commission on
                                                          research and
                                                          innovation
                                                          strategy, and
                                                          author of two
                                                          important
                                                          books on the
                                                          subject “The
                                                          Value of
                                                          Everything”
                                                          and
                                                          “The Entrepreneurial
                                                          State”. </span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#454545"> </span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt;font-stretch:
                                                          normal">
                                                          <span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">The
                                                          report on
                                                          “Mission-oriented
                                                          Research and
                                                          Innovation in
                                                          the European
                                                          Union” might
                                                          be of interest</span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt;font-stretch:
                                                          normal">
                                                          <span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><a
href="https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/mazzucato_report_2018.pdf"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true"><span lang="EN-GB">https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/mazzucato_report_2018.pdf</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#454545"> </span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt;font-stretch:
                                                          normal">
                                                          <span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">Since
                                                          the use of
                                                          cloud
                                                          platforms for
                                                          GIS data
                                                          analysis is
                                                          having a huge
                                                          impact on the
                                                          GIS community,
                                                          the subject is
                                                          of relevance.<span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL">I
                                                          would like
                                                          learn more on
                                                          this <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:72.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l0
                                                          level1 lfo1">
                                                          <!--[if !supportLists]--><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#454545"
                                                          lang="NL"><span
style="mso-list:Ignore">1.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New
                                                          Roman"">     
                                                          </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#454545">Are
                                                          there any
                                                          examples of
                                                          Digital
                                                          Feudalism in
                                                          GIS? </span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#454545"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:72.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l0
                                                          level1 lfo1">
                                                          <!--[if !supportLists]--><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#454545"
                                                          lang="NL"><span
style="mso-list:Ignore">2.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New
                                                          Roman"">     
                                                          </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#454545">How
                                                          will Digital
                                                          Feudalism in
                                                          GIS affect our
                                                          future
                                                          generations?</span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#454545"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:72.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l0
                                                          level1 lfo1">
                                                          <!--[if !supportLists]--><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#454545"
                                                          lang="NL"><span
style="mso-list:Ignore">3.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New
                                                          Roman"">     
                                                          </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#454545">What
                                                          policies are
                                                          governments,
                                                          regulators
                                                          doing to
                                                          reduce Digital
                                                          Feudalism in
                                                          GIS?</span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#454545"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:72.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l0
                                                          level1 lfo1">
                                                          <!--[if !supportLists]--><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#454545"
                                                          lang="NL"><span
style="mso-list:Ignore">4.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New
                                                          Roman"">     
                                                          </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#454545">What
                                                          policies and
                                                          curriculum
                                                          are universities,
                                                          educators
                                                          adopting to
                                                          reduce Digital
                                                          Feudalism in
                                                          GIS?</span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#454545"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#454545"> </span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt;font-stretch:
                                                          normal">
                                                          <span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">Best
                                                          wishes,</span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#454545"> </span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt;font-stretch:
                                                          normal">
                                                          <span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">Suchith</span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#454545"> </span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <pre style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span style="color:#26282A">This message and any attachment are intended solely for the addressee</span><span lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></pre>
                                                          <pre style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span style="color:#26282A">and may contain confidential information. If you have received this</span><span lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></pre>
                                                          <pre style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span style="color:#26282A">message in error, please contact the sender and delete the email and</span><span lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></pre>
                                                          <pre style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span style="color:#26282A">attachment. </span><span lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></pre>
                                                          <pre style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span style="color:#26282A"> </span><span lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></pre>
                                                          <pre style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span style="color:#26282A">Any views or opinions expressed by the author of this email do not</span><span lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></pre>
                                                          <pre style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span style="color:#26282A">necessarily reflect the views of the University of Nottingham. Email</span><span lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></pre>
                                                          <pre style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span style="color:#26282A">communications with the University of Nottingham may be monitored </span><span lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></pre>
                                                          <pre style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span style="color:#26282A">where permitted by law.</span><span lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></pre>
                                                          <pre style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span style="color:#26282A"> </span><span lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></pre>
                                                          <pre style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span style="color:#26282A"> </span><span lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></pre>
                                                          <pre style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span style="color:#26282A"> </span><span lang="NL"><o:p></o:p></span></pre>
                                                        </div>
                                                      </div>
                                                      <p
                                                        class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt">
                                                        <span
                                                          style="font-size:10.0pt;color:#26282A">_______________________________________________<br>
CODATA-international mailing list<br>
                                                        </span><span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><a
                                                          href="mailto:CODATA-international@lists.codata.org"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true"><span
                                                          style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times
                                                          New
                                                          Roman",serif"
                                                          lang="EN-GB">CODATA-international@lists.codata.org</span></a></span><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;color:#26282A"><br>
                                                        </span><span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="NL"><a
href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/lists.codata.org/mailman/listinfo/codata-international_lists.codata.org__;%21NW73rmyV52c%21UrPr3J-Y0KFaALfr1KzXpKMBItrPWFea6XLUMgy9-eQlkqDgUy0dw75xS2utF06_Rzgw1r3Bb1a-Jw$"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true"><span
                                                          style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times
                                                          New
                                                          Roman",serif"
                                                          lang="EN-GB">http://lists.codata.org/mailman/listinfo/codata-international_lists.codata.org</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                    </div>
                                                  </div>
                                                </div>
                                              </div>
                                            </div>
                                          </div>
                                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                                            style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">_______________________________________________<br>
                                              CODATA-international
                                              mailing list<br>
                                              <a
                                                href="mailto:CODATA-international@lists.codata.org"
                                                target="_blank"
                                                moz-do-not-send="true">CODATA-international@lists.codata.org</a><br>
                                              <a
href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/lists.codata.org/mailman/listinfo/codata-international_lists.codata.org__;%21NW73rmyV52c%21UrPr3J-Y0KFaALfr1KzXpKMBItrPWFea6XLUMgy9-eQlkqDgUy0dw75xS2utF06_Rzgw1r3Bb1a-Jw$"
                                                target="_blank"
                                                moz-do-not-send="true">http://lists.codata.org/mailman/listinfo/codata-international_lists.codata.org</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                        </blockquote>
                                      </div>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                                        style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><br
                                            clear="all">
                                          <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                      <div>
                                        <p class="MsoNormal"
                                          style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                      </div>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                                        style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">--<span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                      <div>
                                        <div>
                                          <div>
                                            <div>
                                              <div>
                                                <div>
                                                  <div>
                                                    <div>
                                                      <div>
                                                        <div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">_____________________________________________________________________________________________________<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">Kiringai
                                                          Kamau<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt"><b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#38761D">GODAN
                                                          Africa Lead</span></b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif">Programme
                                                          for Capacity
                                                          Development in
                                                          Africa (P4CDA
                                                          Africa)</span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;border:solid
                                                          windowtext
                                                          1.0pt;padding:0cm"><img
style="width:1.0434in;height:1.0434in" id="_x0000_i1026"
                                                          src="cid:part29.388C4615.5B150A39@ciesin.columbia.edu"
                                                          alt="Image
                                                          removed by
                                                          sender."
                                                          class=""
                                                          width="100"
                                                          height="100"
                                                          border="0"></span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt"><b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#126422">GODAN
                                                          Head Office</span></b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt;background-position:initial
initial;background-repeat:initial initial">
                                                          <span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">845
                                                          Sherbrooke
                                                          Street West,<span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span><b>Montreal</b>, Quebec, Canada
                                                          H3A 0G4<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt;background-position:initial
initial;background-repeat:initial initial">
                                                          <span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;letter-spacing:.15pt">Macdonald
                                                          Campus, McGill
                                                          University,
                                                          21111
                                                          Lakeshore
                                                          Road,
                                                          Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue,
                                                          QC H9X 3V9</span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;letter-spacing:.15pt"> </span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt">
                                                          <b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#126422;letter-spacing:.15pt">Programme
                                                          for Capacity
                                                          Development in
                                                          Africa (P4CDA)</span></b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt">
                                                          <span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;letter-spacing:.15pt">PO
                                                          Box 1618,
                                                          00100 GPO
                                                          Nairobi, 1<sup>st</sup><span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Floor, Nyaku House, Argwings
                                                          Kodhek Road</span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt">
                                                          <span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;letter-spacing:.15pt">Cell:
                                                          +254 722 800
                                                          986/+254 733
                                                          375 505</span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt">
                                                          <b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;letter-spacing:.15pt">Email</span></b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;letter-spacing:.15pt">:<span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span><b><a
                                                          href="mailto:kiringai.kamau@godan.info"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">kiringai.kamau@godan.info</a></b><span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span>or<span
                                                          class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a
href="mailto:kiringai@perfect.africa" target="_blank"
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true">kiringai@perfect.africa</a></span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt;background-position:initial
initial;background-repeat:initial initial">
                                                          <b><i><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;letter-spacing:.15pt">Website</span></i></b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;letter-spacing:.15pt">:<span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a
href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/www.godan.info/__;%21NW73rmyV52c%21UrPr3J-Y0KFaALfr1KzXpKMBItrPWFea6XLUMgy9-eQlkqDgUy0dw75xS2utF06_Rzgw1r0hI87Exw$"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true"><span style="color:windowtext">www.godan.info</span></a><span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span>or<span
                                                          class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a
href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/www.perfect.africa/__;%21NW73rmyV52c%21UrPr3J-Y0KFaALfr1KzXpKMBItrPWFea6XLUMgy9-eQlkqDgUy0dw75xS2utF06_Rzgw1r1j36IeeA$"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true"><span style="color:windowtext">www.perfect.africa</span></a>,<span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span><b><i>Tweeter</i></b>: @kiringaik,<span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span><b><i>Skype</i></b>:
                                                          kiringai.kamau</span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                        </div>
                                                      </div>
                                                    </div>
                                                  </div>
                                                </div>
                                              </div>
                                            </div>
                                          </div>
                                        </div>
                                      </div>
                                    </div>
                                    <p class="MsoNormal"
                                      style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                        style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">_______________________________________________<br>
                                        CODATA-international mailing
                                        list<br>
                                        <a
                                          href="mailto:CODATA-international@lists.codata.org"
                                          target="_blank"
                                          moz-do-not-send="true">CODATA-international@lists.codata.org</a><br>
                                        <a
href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/lists.codata.org/mailman/listinfo/codata-international_lists.codata.org__;%21NW73rmyV52c%21UrPr3J-Y0KFaALfr1KzXpKMBItrPWFea6XLUMgy9-eQlkqDgUy0dw75xS2utF06_Rzgw1r3Bb1a-Jw$"
                                          target="_blank"
                                          moz-do-not-send="true">http://lists.codata.org/mailman/listinfo/codata-international_lists.codata.org</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                  </blockquote>
                                </div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal"
                                  style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                    style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><br
                                      clear="all">
                                    <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                <div>
                                  <p class="MsoNormal"
                                    style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                      style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                </div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal"
                                  style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                    style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">--<span
                                      class="apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                <div>
                                  <div>
                                    <div>
                                      <div>
                                        <div>
                                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                                            style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">--------------------------------------------------<br>
                                              Alex de Sherbinin, PhD<br>
                                              Associate Director,
                                              Science Applications
                                              Division<br>
                                              Deputy Manager, NASA SEDAC<br>
                                              CIESIN, The Earth
                                              Institute at Columbia
                                              University<br>
                                              P.O. Box 1000 (61 Route
                                              9W), Palisades, NY 10964<span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span><br>
                                              Web:<span
                                                class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a
href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/www.ciesin.columbia.edu/__;%21NW73rmyV52c%21UrPr3J-Y0KFaALfr1KzXpKMBItrPWFea6XLUMgy9-eQlkqDgUy0dw75xS2utF06_Rzgw1r1WfoxG5Q$"
                                                target="_blank"
                                                moz-do-not-send="true">www.ciesin.columbia.edu</a><span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span>and<span
                                                class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a
href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/__;%21NW73rmyV52c%21UrPr3J-Y0KFaALfr1KzXpKMBItrPWFea6XLUMgy9-eQlkqDgUy0dw75xS2utF06_Rzgw1r3vE4B8gQ$"
                                                target="_blank"
                                                moz-do-not-send="true">http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu</a><br>
                                              Tel. +1-845-365-8936, 
                                              Skype: alex.desherbinin</span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                        </div>
                                      </div>
                                    </div>
                                  </div>
                                </div>
                              </blockquote>
                            </div>
                            <p class="MsoNormal"
                              style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><br
                                  clear="all">
                                <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                            <div>
                              <p class="MsoNormal"
                                style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                  style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                            </div>
                            <p class="MsoNormal"
                              style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">--<span
                                  class="apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                            <div>
                              <div>
                                <div>
                                  <div>
                                    <div>
                                      <div>
                                        <div>
                                          <div>
                                            <div>
                                              <div>
                                                <div>
                                                  <p class="MsoNormal"
                                                    style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">_____________________________________________________________________________________________________<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                </div>
                                                <div>
                                                  <p class="MsoNormal"
                                                    style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">Kiringai
                                                      Kamau<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                </div>
                                                <div>
                                                  <p class="MsoNormal"
                                                    style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                  <div>
                                                    <p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt"><b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#38761D">GODAN
                                                          Africa Lead</span></b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                  </div>
                                                  <div>
                                                    <p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                                        style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif">Programme
                                                        for Capacity
                                                        Development in
                                                        Africa (P4CDA
                                                        Africa)</span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                  </div>
                                                  <div>
                                                    <p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;border:solid
                                                        windowtext
                                                        1.0pt;padding:0cm"><img
style="width:1.0434in;height:1.0434in" id="_x0000_i1027"
                                                          src="cid:part29.388C4615.5B150A39@ciesin.columbia.edu"
                                                          alt="Image
                                                          removed by
                                                          sender."
                                                          class=""
                                                          width="100"
                                                          height="100"
                                                          border="0"></span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                  </div>
                                                  <div>
                                                    <p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt"><b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#126422">GODAN
                                                          Head Office</span></b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                  </div>
                                                  <div>
                                                    <p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt;background-position:initial
initial;background-repeat:initial initial">
                                                      <span
                                                        style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">845
                                                        Sherbrooke
                                                        Street West,<span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span><b>Montreal</b>, Quebec, Canada
                                                        H3A 0G4<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                    <p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt;background-position:initial
initial;background-repeat:initial initial">
                                                      <span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;letter-spacing:.15pt">Macdonald
                                                        Campus, McGill
                                                        University,
                                                        21111 Lakeshore
                                                        Road,
                                                        Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue,
                                                        QC H9X 3V9</span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                    <div>
                                                      <p
                                                        class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;letter-spacing:.15pt"> </span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                    </div>
                                                    <p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt">
                                                      <b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#126422;letter-spacing:.15pt">Programme
                                                          for Capacity
                                                          Development in
                                                          Africa (P4CDA)</span></b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                    <p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt">
                                                      <span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;letter-spacing:.15pt">PO
                                                        Box 1618, 00100
                                                        GPO Nairobi, 1<sup>st</sup><span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Floor, Nyaku House, Argwings
                                                        Kodhek Road</span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                    <p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt">
                                                      <span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;letter-spacing:.15pt">Cell:
                                                        +254 722 800
                                                        986/+254 733 375
                                                        505</span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                    <p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt">
                                                      <b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;letter-spacing:.15pt">Email</span></b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;letter-spacing:.15pt">:<span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span><b><a
                                                          href="mailto:kiringai.kamau@godan.info"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">kiringai.kamau@godan.info</a></b><span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span>or<span
                                                          class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a
href="mailto:kiringai@perfect.africa" target="_blank"
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true">kiringai@perfect.africa</a></span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                    <div>
                                                      <p
                                                        class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                    </div>
                                                    <p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt;background-position:initial
initial;background-repeat:initial initial">
                                                      <b><i><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;letter-spacing:.15pt">Website</span></i></b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;letter-spacing:.15pt">:<span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a
href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/www.godan.info/__;%21NW73rmyV52c%21UrPr3J-Y0KFaALfr1KzXpKMBItrPWFea6XLUMgy9-eQlkqDgUy0dw75xS2utF06_Rzgw1r0hI87Exw$"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true"><span style="color:windowtext">www.godan.info</span></a><span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span>or<span
                                                          class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a
href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/www.perfect.africa/__;%21NW73rmyV52c%21UrPr3J-Y0KFaALfr1KzXpKMBItrPWFea6XLUMgy9-eQlkqDgUy0dw75xS2utF06_Rzgw1r1j36IeeA$"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true"><span style="color:windowtext">www.perfect.africa</span></a>,<span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span><b><i>Tweeter</i></b>: @kiringaik,<span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span><b><i>Skype</i></b>:
                                                        kiringai.kamau</span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                    <div>
                                                      <p
                                                        class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                    </div>
                                                  </div>
                                                </div>
                                              </div>
                                            </div>
                                          </div>
                                        </div>
                                      </div>
                                    </div>
                                  </div>
                                </div>
                              </div>
                            </div>
                          </div>
                        </blockquote>
                      </div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><br
                            clear="all">
                          <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                      </div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">--<span
                            class="apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                      <div>
                        <div>
                          <div>
                            <div>
                              <div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal"
                                  style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                                    style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">--------------------------------------------------<br>
                                    Alex de Sherbinin, PhD<br>
                                    Associate Director, Science
                                    Applications Division<br>
                                    Deputy Manager, NASA SEDAC<br>
                                    CIESIN, The Earth Institute at
                                    Columbia University<br>
                                    P.O. Box 1000 (61 Route 9W),
                                    Palisades, NY 10964<span
                                      class="apple-converted-space"> </span><br>
                                    Web:<span
                                      class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a
href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/www.ciesin.columbia.edu/__;%21NW73rmyV52c%21UrPr3J-Y0KFaALfr1KzXpKMBItrPWFea6XLUMgy9-eQlkqDgUy0dw75xS2utF06_Rzgw1r1WfoxG5Q$"
                                      target="_blank"
                                      moz-do-not-send="true">www.ciesin.columbia.edu</a><span
                                      class="apple-converted-space"> </span>and<span
                                      class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a
href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/__;%21NW73rmyV52c%21UrPr3J-Y0KFaALfr1KzXpKMBItrPWFea6XLUMgy9-eQlkqDgUy0dw75xS2utF06_Rzgw1r3vE4B8gQ$"
                                      target="_blank"
                                      moz-do-not-send="true">http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu</a><br>
                                    Tel. +1-845-365-8936,  Skype:
                                    alex.desherbinin</span><span
                                    style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                              </div>
                            </div>
                          </div>
                        </div>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                  </blockquote>
                </div>
                <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                    style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><br
                      style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0,
                      0);font-variant-caps:
                      normal;text-align:start;-webkit-text-stroke-width:
                      0px;word-spacing:0px" clear="all">
                  </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                <div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                </div>
                <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                    style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">--<span
                      class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><o:p></o:p></p>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <div>
                        <div>
                          <div>
                            <div>
                              <div>
                                <div>
                                  <div>
                                    <div>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                                        style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">_____________________________________________________________________________________________________<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                    </div>
                                    <div>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                                        style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">Kiringai
                                          Kamau<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                    </div>
                                    <div>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                                        style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                      <div>
                                        <p class="MsoNormal"
                                          style="margin-left:36.0pt"><b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#38761D">GODAN
                                              Africa Lead</span></b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                      </div>
                                      <div>
                                        <p class="MsoNormal"
                                          style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif">Programme
                                            for Capacity Development in
                                            Africa (P4CDA Africa)</span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                      </div>
                                      <div>
                                        <p class="MsoNormal"
                                          style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;border:solid
                                            windowtext
                                            1.0pt;padding:0cm"><img
                                              style="width:1.0434in;height:1.0434in"
                                              id="_x0000_i1028"
                                              src="cid:part29.388C4615.5B150A39@ciesin.columbia.edu"
                                              alt="Image removed by
                                              sender." class=""
                                              width="100" height="100"
                                              border="0"></span><span
                                            style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                      </div>
                                      <div>
                                        <p class="MsoNormal"
                                          style="margin-left:36.0pt"><b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#126422">GODAN
                                              Head Office</span></b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                      </div>
                                      <div>
                                        <p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt;background-position:initial
initial;background-repeat:initial initial">
                                          <span
                                            style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">845
                                            Sherbrooke Street West,<span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span><b>Montreal</b>, Quebec, Canada
                                            H3A 0G4<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                        <p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt;background-position:initial
initial;background-repeat:initial initial">
                                          <span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;letter-spacing:.15pt">Macdonald
                                            Campus, McGill University,
                                            21111 Lakeshore Road,
                                            Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC
                                            H9X 3V9</span><span
                                            style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                        <div>
                                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                                            style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;letter-spacing:.15pt"> </span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                        </div>
                                        <p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt"><b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#126422;letter-spacing:.15pt">Programme
                                              for Capacity Development
                                              in Africa (P4CDA)</span></b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                        <p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;letter-spacing:.15pt">PO
                                            Box 1618, 00100 GPO Nairobi,
                                            1<sup>st</sup><span
                                              class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Floor,
                                            Nyaku House, Argwings Kodhek
                                            Road</span><span
                                            style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                        <p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;letter-spacing:.15pt">Cell:
                                            +254 722 800 986/+254 733
                                            375 505</span><span
                                            style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                        <p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt"><b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;letter-spacing:.15pt">Email</span></b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;letter-spacing:.15pt">:<span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span><b><a
                                                href="mailto:kiringai.kamau@godan.info"
                                                target="_blank"
                                                moz-do-not-send="true">kiringai.kamau@godan.info</a></b><span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span>or<span
                                              class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a
href="mailto:kiringai@perfect.africa" target="_blank"
                                              moz-do-not-send="true">kiringai@perfect.africa</a></span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                        <div>
                                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                                            style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                        </div>
                                        <p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt;background-position:initial
initial;background-repeat:initial initial">
                                          <b><i><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;letter-spacing:.15pt">Website</span></i></b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;letter-spacing:.15pt">:<span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a
href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/www.godan.info/__;%21NW73rmyV52c%21UrPr3J-Y0KFaALfr1KzXpKMBItrPWFea6XLUMgy9-eQlkqDgUy0dw75xS2utF06_Rzgw1r0hI87Exw$"
                                              target="_blank"
                                              moz-do-not-send="true"><span
                                                style="color:windowtext">www.godan.info</span></a><span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span>or<span
                                              class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a
href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/www.perfect.africa/__;%21NW73rmyV52c%21UrPr3J-Y0KFaALfr1KzXpKMBItrPWFea6XLUMgy9-eQlkqDgUy0dw75xS2utF06_Rzgw1r1j36IeeA$"
                                              target="_blank"
                                              moz-do-not-send="true"><span
                                                style="color:windowtext">www.perfect.africa</span></a>,<span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span><b><i>Tweeter</i></b>: @kiringaik,<span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span><b><i>Skype</i></b>:
                                            kiringai.kamau</span><span
                                            style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                        <div>
                                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                                            style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                        </div>
                                      </div>
                                    </div>
                                  </div>
                                </div>
                              </div>
                            </div>
                          </div>
                        </div>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
                <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
                    style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">_______________________________________________<br>
                    CODATA-international mailing list<br>
                  </span><a
                    href="mailto:CODATA-international@lists.codata.org"
                    moz-do-not-send="true"><span
                      style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">CODATA-international@lists.codata.org</span></a><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><br>
                  </span><a
href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/lists.codata.org/mailman/listinfo/codata-international_lists.codata.org__;%21NW73rmyV52c%21UrPr3J-Y0KFaALfr1KzXpKMBItrPWFea6XLUMgy9-eQlkqDgUy0dw75xS2utF06_Rzgw1r3Bb1a-Jw$"
                    moz-do-not-send="true"><span
                      style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">http://lists.codata.org/mailman/listinfo/codata-international_lists.codata.org</span></a><o:p></o:p></p>
              </div>
            </blockquote>
          </div>
          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></p>
        </div>
        <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt">The University
          of Edinburgh is a charitable body, registered in Scotland,
          with registration number SC005336.
          <o:p></o:p></p>
      </div>
      <br>
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      <br>
      <pre wrap="">_______________________________________________
CODATA-international mailing list
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:CODATA-international@lists.codata.org">CODATA-international@lists.codata.org</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://lists.codata.org/mailman/listinfo/codata-international_lists.codata.org">http://lists.codata.org/mailman/listinfo/codata-international_lists.codata.org</a>
</pre>
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